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CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Read More: CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION2.1 Kingdom Monera2.2 Kingdom Protista2.3 Kingdom Fungi2.4 Kingdom Plantae2.5 KingdomAnimalia2.6 Viruses, Viroidsand Lichens Since the dawn of civilisation, there have been many attempts to classifyliving organisms. It was done instinctively not using criteria that werescientific but borne out of a need to use organisms for our own use – forfood, shelter and clothing. Aristotle was…
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CLASS-12 BIOLOGY NCERT CONTENTS
Read More: CLASS-12 BIOLOGY NCERT CONTENTSUNIT VIREPRODUCTION 1-66Chapter 1 : Reproduction in Organisms 3Chapter 2 : Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants 19Chapter 3 : Human Reproduction 42Chapter 4 : Reproductive Health 57UNIT VIIGENETICS AND EVOLUTION 67-142Chapter 5 : Principles of Inheritance and Variation 69Chapter 6 : Molecular Basis of Inheritance 95Chapter 7 : Evolution 126UNIT VIIIBIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE 143-190Chapter…
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CLASS-11 BIOLOGY NCERT CONTENTS
Read More: CLASS-11 BIOLOGY NCERT CONTENTSUNIT IDIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD 1-62Chapter 1 : The Living World 3Chapter 2 : Biological Classification 16Chapter 3 : Plant Kingdom 29Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom 46UNIT IISTRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS 63-122Chapter 5 : Morphology of Flowering Plants 65Chapter 6 : Anatomy of Flowering Plants 84Chapter 7 : Structural Organisation in Animals…
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CHAPTER 16 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Read More: CHAPTER 16 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES16.1 Air Pollution and ItsControl16.2 Water Pollution and ItsControl16.3 Solid Wastes16.4 Agro-chemicals andtheir Effects16.5 Radioactive Wastes16.6 Greenhouse Effect andGlobal Warming16.7 Ozone Depletion in theStratosphere16.8 Degradation by ImproperResource Utilisation andMaintenance16.9 Deforestation Human population size has grown enormously over thelast hundred years. This means increase in demand forfood, water, home, electricity, roads, automobiles andnumerous other commodities. These…
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CHAPTER 15 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
Read More: CHAPTER 15 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION15.1 Biodiversity15.2 Biodiversity Conservation If an alien from a distant galaxy were to visit our planetEarth, the first thing that would amaze and baffle himwould most probably be the enormous diversity of lifethat he would encounter. Even for humans, the rich varietyof living organisms with which they share this planet neverceases to astonish and fascinate…
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CHAPTER 14 ECOSYSTEM
Read More: CHAPTER 14 ECOSYSTEM14.1 Ecosystem–Structureand Function14.2. Productivity14.3 Decomposition14.4 Energy Flow14.5 Ecological Pyramids14.6 Ecological Succession14.7 Nutrient Cycling14.8 Ecosystem Services An ecosystem can be visualised as a functional unit ofnature, where living organisms interact among themselvesand also with the surrounding physical environment.Ecosystem varies greatly in size from a small pond to alarge forest or a sea. Many ecologists regard the…
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CHAPTER 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITSAPPLICATIONS
Read More: CHAPTER 12 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITSAPPLICATIONS12.1 BiotechnologicalApplications inAgriculture12.2 BiotechnologicalApplications inMedicine12.3 Transgenic Animals12.4 Ethical Issues Biotechnology, as you would have learnt from theprevious chapter, essentially deals with industrial scaleproduction of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals usinggenetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals.The applications of biotechnology include therapeutics,diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture,processed food, bioremediation, waste treatment, andenergy production. Three critical research areas ofbiotechnology…
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CHAPTER 11 BIOTECHNOLOGY : PRINCIPLESAND PROCESSES
Read More: CHAPTER 11 BIOTECHNOLOGY : PRINCIPLESAND PROCESSES11.1 Principles of Biotechnology11.2 Tools of Recombinant DNATechnology11.3 Processes of RecombinantDNA Technology Biotechnology deals with techniques of using liveorganisms or enzymes from organisms to produce productsand processes useful to humans. In this sense, makingcurd, bread or wine, which are all microbe-mediatedprocesses, could also be thought as a form ofbiotechnology. However, it is used in a…