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CHAPTER 7 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS
Read More: CHAPTER 7 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS7.1 Animal Tissues7.2 Organ and OrganSystem7.3 Earthworm7.4 Cockroach7.5 Frogs In the preceding chapters you came across a large variety of organisms,both unicellular and multicellular, of the animal kingdom. In unicellularorganisms, all functions like digestion, respiration and reproductionare performed by a single cell. In the complex body of multicellularanimals the same basic functions are carried out…
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CHAPTER 5 MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS
Read More: CHAPTER 5 MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS5.1 The Root5.2 The Stem5.3 The Leaf5.4 The Inflorescence5.5 The Flower5.6 The Fruit5.7 The Seed5.8 Semi-technicalDescription of aTypicalFlowering Plant5.9 Description ofSome ImportantFamilies The wide range in the structure of higher plants will never fail to fascinateus. Even though the angiosperms show such a large diversity in externalstructure or morphology, they are all characterised by presence…
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CHAPTER 3 PLANT KINGDOM
Read More: CHAPTER 3 PLANT KINGDOM3.1 Algae 3.2 Bryophytes 3.3 Pteridophytes 3.4 Gymnosperms 3.5 Angiosperms 3.6 Plant Life Cyclesand Alternationof Generations In the previous chapter, we looked at the broad classification of livingorganisms under the system proposed by Whittaker (1969) wherein hesuggested the Five Kingdom classification viz. Monera, Protista, Fungi,Animalia and Plantae. In this chapter, we will deal in detail…
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UNIT 10 ECOLOGY
Read More: UNIT 10 ECOLOGYChapter 13Organisms and Populations Chapter 14Ecosystem Chapter 15Biodiversity and Conservation Chapter 16Environmental Issues Diversity is not only a characteristic of living organisms butalso of content in biology textbooks. Biology is presented eitheras botany, zoology and microbiology or as classical andmodern. The latter is a euphemism for molecular aspects ofbiology. Luckily we have many threads which…
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UNIT 9 BIOTECHNOLOGY
Read More: UNIT 9 BIOTECHNOLOGYChapter 11Biotechnology : Principles andProcesses Chapter 12Biotechnology and ItsApplications Ever since the days of Rene Descartes, the French philosopher,mathematician and biologist of seventeenth century, all humanknowledge especially natural sciences were directed to developtechnologies which add to the creature comforts of humanlives, as also value to human life. The whole approach tounderstanding natural phenomena became anthropocentric.Physics…
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UNIT 8 BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE
Read More: UNIT 8 BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFAREChapter 8Human Health and Disease Chapter 9Strategies for Enhancement inFood Production Chapter 10Microbes in Human Welfare Biology is the youngest of the formalised disciplines of naturalscience. Progress in physics and chemistry proceeded muchfaster than in Biology. Applications of physics and chemistry inour daily life also have a higher visibility than those of biology.However, twentieth century…
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UNIT 7 GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Read More: UNIT 7 GENETICS AND EVOLUTIONChapter 5Principles of Inheritanceand Variation Chapter 6Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter 7Evolution The work of Mendel and others who followed him gave us anidea of inheritance patterns. However the nature of those ‘factors’which determine the phenotype was not very clear. As these‘factors’ represent the genetic basis of inheritance, understandingthe structure of genetic material and the…
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UNIT 6 REPRODUCTION
Read More: UNIT 6 REPRODUCTIONChapter 1Reproduction in Organisms Chapter 2Sexual Reproduction inflowering Plants Chapter 3Human Reproduction Chapter 4Reproductive Health Biology in essence is the story of life on earth. While individualorganisms die without fail, species continue to live throughmillions of years unless threatened by natural or anthropogenicextinction. Reproduction becomes a vital process withoutwhich species cannot survive for long. Each…
